florida Florida Freeze and Weather Station Data

[flplantguy]

@kinzyjr have you checked out the PRISM climate group webpage yet?  https://prism.oregonstate.edu/

I was playing with it and found a map they use model data with to project weather info including low temps each day.  I guess it was used for the update to the hardiness zone map too. It was interesting to look at what it said for the lows here in 2010, just at or below freezing for days, with the slight warmup in the middle and the drop to 25 at the end.  Matches the damage on street views too.

[kinzyjr]

31 minutes ago, flplantguy said:

@kinzyjr have you checked out the PRISM climate group webpage yet?  https://prism.oregonstate.edu/

I was playing with it and found a map they use model data with to project weather info including low temps each day.  I guess it was used for the update to the hardiness zone map too. It was interesting to look at what it said for the lows here in 2010, just at or below freezing for days, with the slight warmup in the middle and the drop to 25 at the end.  Matches the damage on street views too.

I've played with it a bit.  Not a bad tool to use to see the general patterns of cold snaps in the state.  The Jan. 2010 map looked pretty good when paged through day-by-day.  The algorithm used to generated the new hardiness map for Florida is somewhat flawed from my perspective.  Polk County's zoning was a little too monolithic.  The stations that averaged zone 10a seem to have dominated the map in areas where it is common to lose 9b and 10a palms.

[kinzyjr]

For those that like going back further in time than the standard NOAA records we can download, you can check out the COOP records for some stations in each state here: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/IPS/coop/coop.html

I'd always wondered how Lakeland might have fared during some of the freezes previous to the cutoff in the 1940s.

Turns out the Feb. 1917 freeze yielded a low of 24F and the January 1940 freeze recorded a minimum of 23F. (see PDF attachments)

19170201_Lakeland.pdf 19400101_Lakeland.pdf

[kinzyjr]

The 2024 version of the Florida Weather Almanac is attached.  Updates include:

• New stations - including the St. Augustine Airport and the Ocala Airport.
• More data scraped for smaller airports and other points of interest.
• More of the NOAA stations were linked with smaller airports.
• Custom stations (begin with USZ*) were created to post data from some alternate sources. 
  • Some have data now, some do not.
  • Most of these are smaller airports that do not have a NOAA station ID.
  • Some are synonyms of NOAA stations that no longer report data.
  • Stations with little or no data were marked for exclusion and pushed to the bottom of the sheet.
• Additional WeatherUnderground links for smaller airports.
• The Merge and COMP ID columns can be ignored as they are for another project.
• Sheet comes sorted by region.
• An additional sheet includes the Annual Lows recorded for each station.  These were used for the averages and zones.

Enjoy!

2023_Florida_NOAA_Stations_Almanac.xlsx

[kinzyjr]

Over the last couple of years, there have been some opportunities to grab some data for some of the smaller airports in the state and other points of interest that can help more closely define where the climate of the state truly transitions from one "zone" to another.  Regardless of the metric used, it is very apparent to those of us who have traversed the length of the state from the Panhandle to the Keys that certain benchmark palms and other plants that let you know you've crossed some kind of invisible line.

Relying on NOAA data is fine, but when you begin grabbing data from other sources, the need arises to begin using different conventions to track where the data came from, validate it for accuracy, etc.  The various sites, like Weather Underground, AccuWeather, and some of the NWS captures that have been published by all of us who track cold fronts on the site provide valuable insights.

The following have been done to the dataset before uploading to Google Maps:

• Define unique ALIAS IDs for each dataset.
• Split stations into 3 groups:
  • Composite Stations (C): Stations created by combining the records of multiple NOAA stations together where the stations are close by and there is overlap in their records.  A priority indicator ensures the station records with the highest priority are not overwritten where there is overlap.
  • Merged Stations (M): These are usually stations that share latitude and longitude coordinates (ex. Duck Key) or stations that are very close by and have no overlap for their records.
  • Single Stations (S): A single station.
• Gather coordinates for smaller airports and compare them with NOAA stations already defined.  Some of the stations matched up with smaller airports (Ex. Clewiston Number 2 and Airglades Airport).  When a match was found, the airport ID was updated.
• Gather NWS, Weather Underground and AccuWeather links for additional stations.  The first station added this way was Zephyrhills Airport.
• Set parameters to remove "false annual lows" from calculations.  An example of a false annual low would be if a year in Lakeland posted an Annual Low of 65F.  The highest annual lows here are near 40F and that is way outside of normal, usually because too many records for that year are missing.  To do this in a time-efficient manner for over 400 single stations and then compile the results down into 350-360 after composites and merges are done, the TAG regions were used.  Research was done on each of the stations in the TAG group to see what the lowest and highest minimum temperature for that region was over the course of their history.  When calculating the averages, anything outside of these ranges was considered invalid and removed from calculations.

NOTE: Being this is the first time through the process in this manner, there are bound to be a few oversights or mistakes.  If you see anything out of place on the map or the sheet, please feel free to note it.  The lines for the zones are not drawn just yet, but you can peruse the stations on the map and look at the available data.

Map: https://tinyurl.com/2024zoneMap

20240720_ALIAS_ZoneMap_upl.xlsx

[kinzyjr]

Two additional stations have been added to Florida, with one in North Port and one in St. Petersburg:

USC00087887 - ST PETERSBURG 2: Period of record 05/16/2023 - present  This is in a suburb near the Tyrone Square Mall on the southwest portion of the peninsula.

USC00086319 - NORTH PORT:  Began collecting data on 2023-02-01 - present.  This station appears to be in the municipal water plant.

[kinzyjr]

On 3/24/2023 at 8:13 AM, kinzyjr said:

For those who would like a complete list of the NOAA Stations: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/homr/reports

In my case, the MSHR Standard Version works well.

The station list MSHR_Enhanced was updated in July 2025, with another column appended in April 2023.  Most of the data and stations are irrelevant to the average user.  The attached sheet is a quick-and-dirty list for anyone in Florida to use.  It contains the station ID, begin and end dates for records, and name with the location (lat/long) information.  Keep in mind that a station could have been active a long time and have multiple records due to moving locations or other reasons.

 

20250916_MSHR_Enhanced_Trimmed.xlsx

[kinzyjr]

The 2025 version of the Florida Weather Almanac is attached.  Updates include:

• New stations - Tampa 6NE, North Port, St. Pete .
• Added the weather forecast office and county fields from the MSHR file.
• More of the NOAA stations were linked with smaller airports.
• The output sheet comes sorted by TAG region.
• An additional sheet includes the Annual Lows recorded for each station.  These were used for the averages and zones.

Enjoy!

2025_Florida_NOAA_Stations_Almanac.xlsx

[kinzyjr]

The attached is another version of the Almanac that is useful for consolidating some of the stations into one.  It uses aliases for the locations, and features three types of stations:

• Combination (or Composite): Stations in the same or nearly the same geographic area that have overlap in their dates.  You can effectively get a range of zone values by making one a priority over the other and then merging the records in that order and then reversing the order for the second station.  The range is usually more accurate than just one report because you can report off of more years.  These stations are at the top of the ALIAS Output sheet in light orange.
• Single: Effectively a straight copy of a NOAA station.  These are after the Combination stations in light blue on the ALIAS Output sheet.
• Merged: Two or more stations that occupy the same space or nearly the same space without overlap in their dates.  Their records are merged under one ID and presented as one node on the map.  Not that some of the merged stations are functionally single stations because the additional data for some stations from WUnderground hasn't been added.  The stations that effectively function as single stations are colored in violet, while the merged stations made up of multiple stations are in light green at the bottom of the ALIAS_Output sheets.

The names of the stations are much easier to read and there are more stations that can be created from data sources other than NWS/NOAA data.  Small airports on WUnderground are a breeze to make with this method.  I happened to notice that the old NWS links in the NOAA sheet were no longer working, but haven't fixed those yet.

Other sheets include:

• ALIAS Stations: Shows the stations and how they map to NOAA and USZ stations that are typically from other sources like WUnderground.
• CALs: Composite Annual Lows - the annual low temperature for each year at each station.
• ALIAS_ARC: This stands for ALIAS Annual Record Completion.  This will break down the percentage of dates with records for each year recorded at each station.
• ALIAS Record Breakdown: Shows the weather record contribution percentage from each of the merged or combination stations.

If you want to see the ALIAS data plotted on a a map, the link provided here:   2025 ALIAS Station Map

20251114_ALIAS_Stations.xlsx

[kinzyjr]

A layer has been added to the third impact cold snap map for the February 2026 freeze.  If more data becomes available later, this layer will be updated.

http://tinyurl.com/4xyx52p5

20260319_import_NOAA_FreezeData.xlsx

[Sabal_Louisiana]

On 4/19/2023 at 10:55 PM, kinzyjr said:

December 2022 (and next 9 events): https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1QwsArS8xqOQ1Bbw_4LqRrurwD6cf3Q8&usp=sharing

A few updates to this particular map:

• Added the highs and lows parsed from the NWS html files uploaded to the N. America Winter 2022-2023 thread in ZIP format.
  • Note that some of these were added using a USZ######### NOAA ID if they did not have a NOAA station number at any point.  Ex. Zephyrhills Municipal = USZ0000KZPH
  • For the stations that had an old ID but stopped keeping records, I resurrected their ID for this map. Ex. Tampa Executive (Vandenburg) = USW00092802
  • Since there are multiple station IDs for the Lakeland Airport (KLAL), I used one to capture the low of 28F in the hourly NWS records (USW00012883)
• The spreadsheet used to generate the Google Map is available here as: 202304192315_2022_DecemberColdSnap.xlsx
• The spreadsheet used to parse the NWS records is available here as: 202304180400_NWS_Parse.xlsx
• The records gleaned from the parsing of the NWS are available here as: 202304192335_NWS_dump.xlsx
• The addition of the New Smyrna Airport gives us a better idea of the low temperature than the incomplete records at the New Smyrna Beach Marine Discovery Center
• The Crystal River Airport agrees with the reports I received of 27F-28F in the area.
• Of interest to @RedRabbit: The Clearwater Air Park and Vandenburg Exec both recorded 32F, leading me to believe Tarpon Springs was likely closer to 32F than to 24F.
• The addition of the Shuttle Landing Facility backs up @Jimbean's map on the screenshot thread in regard to the cutoff of where the climate changes in the Cape Canaveral area.
• The numbers for the Tampa WFO in Ruskin came in backwards and were manually corrected.

Being south of 27.5^o North Latitude really helped in this one, primarily due to the advective nature and the increased cloud cover.

202304192335_NWS_dump.xlsx 14.62 kB · 154 downloads 202304192315_2022_DecemberColdSnap.xlsx 33.04 kB · 161 downloads 202304180400_NWS_Parse.xlsx 301.5 kB · 125 downloads

I would like to point out the following:

The New Smyrna Beach Airport is a non-Fed AWOS station that does not report specific daily max/min readings and only hourly readings during operating (daytime) hours.

The ones at Zephyrillis, Tampa Exec , Crystal River, Clearwater Air Park are also non-FAA AWOS stations that do not undergo quality control and this category is thus sometimes subject to bias and non-ideal siting.

I am not saying the instrumentation at such locations and their resultant data cannot be reliable or accurate but they must be scrutinized a bit closer for potential discrepancies.

In fact, the network of 'official' NOAA stations is inadequate and using data from 'filler' locations can certainly aid in determining a useful spatial climatological analysis.

[Sabal_Louisiana]

On 8/11/2022 at 9:52 PM, Aceraceae said:

I've got an idea for a metric hardiness zone system that is also a partial climate indicator, but not too complicated with too many superscripts and abbreviations that are translated from another language like German in the case of the Köppen system. 

The letters could change depending on language as they should with the Köppen system as well, since other than the first primary temperature gradient letter (A thru E), the dry summer/winter or fully humid middle letter should change in different languages, since it's just an abbreviation more than a code. 

For example the f in the Köppen system Cfa doesn't really mean "fully" humid it just means humid, translated from the German word for humid:  feuct. 

We all know that declared hardiness zones are just a guideline and local annual climatic variation must definitely be considered. There are places in California that are considered 8b that I would feel far more secure growing a certain palm, for example,  than in places that are deemed 9a or even 9b in the SE US. The reason of course is that the California location will likely not vary much from year to year in its annual minimum temperature but one in the latter is far more unpredictable on just how cold it will get during the same time span since it is vulnerable to the occurence (or the lack thereof) of arctic air instrusions, which might be of considerable magnitude.

Perhaps at least as useful would be a probability map that shows the likelihood of locations (also as a zone) reaching a certain threshold on an annual basis (e.g. 32F, 28F, 20F, etc).  There could also be a 'weighted' formula to determine cold hardiness that is skewed towards the most recent years to take into account trends in climatic patterns.

[kinzyjr]

On 3/23/2026 at 10:33 PM, Sabal_Louisiana said:

I would like to point out the following:

The New Smyrna Beach Airport is a non-Fed AWOS station that does not report specific daily max/min readings and only hourly readings during operating (daytime) hours.

The ones at Zephyrillis, Tampa Exec , Crystal River, Clearwater Air Park are also non-FAA AWOS stations that do not undergo quality control and this category is thus sometimes subject to bias and non-ideal siting.

I am not saying the instrumentation at such locations and their resultant data cannot be reliable or accurate but they must be scrutinized a bit closer for potential discrepancies.

In fact, the network of 'official' NOAA stations is inadequate and using data from 'filler' locations can certainly aid in determining a useful spatial climatological analysis.

Yeah, there are issues with using anything and everything.  Even with the NOAA stations, I've seen instances where the reports don't line up well with the personal stations nearby.  For reporting purposes, I compare them to models that tend to report very accurately, like a Davis or, if that brand isn't close by, Ambient Weather or Logia.  

-----

All:

The Feb. 2026 map has been updated to include a few more stations that had not reported yet as of the last iteration.  One example is Bartow: https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1QwsArS8xqOQ1Bbw_4LqRrurwD6cf3Q8&usp=sharing