Ravenea rivularis

[Walt]

Walt, my two majesties are totally defoliated like the one in the pix above. I don't even know if they'll live (but I'm not that attached anyway, and they were free). I wasn't here, but I think it dropped to around 25-27 and stayed below freezing a looooooong time (maybe 14 hours...maybe more). I think we had a real heavy frost too. Now we're holding our breath again to see if we're going to have yet another night that cold (odds seem to favor it). Too many freeze tests this winter!

Keith, I have six majesty palms (four with trunks) in the ground. All of mine were hurt but not near like the one in my photo. However, the worst one is for all intents and purposes defoliated, except it isn't a straw color yet as the one in photo. My others are planted in more protected areas and while damaged, they are still respectable. These probably saw high 20s, but no frost. In fact, I had very little frost here. The dew points were very low that morning.

2-1/2 years ago I gave a Archontophoenix cunninghamiana to a friend of mine who lives on the St. Johns River in East Palatka. For the past two winters the palm wasn't hurt at all. I will have to call him and see how it fared from last week.

[Patty Benz]

My wife and I purchased from good 'ole Home Depot five of what what we believe are Majesty Palms (ravenea rivularis) at the end of last summer. Being that we are in New Jersey (plant hardiness index of 6a-6b) the trees came indoors soon after fall began, in an effort to avoid them being caught in a frost (which outright killed a few Majesties we had purchased the year before).

As they were around 6-7 ft. each we placed them in various spots around the house, not only to prevent any one room from looking like a jungle, but to experiment as to where they would do best indoors; there seems to be much discussion as to the proper way to care for these babies indoors. The results were interesting, but best reserved for a different forum. Suffice to say they all survived the winter well.

Sometime around early April, when the weather turned noticeably nicer and the threat of frost was minimal, outdoors they went, onto our deck. While the threat of a frost was minimal, it was not eliminated. The trees went through 4-5 intermittent nights in the next 10 days or so, where the temps were below freezing, somewhere between 32-29F.

Below are pictures of the damage done. The question(s) we would like to pose here is, are the trees dead, or does

the appearance of the green fronds/trunks indicate that indeed the trees live, and if they are alive, what is the

best way to ensure that they recover (proper pruning) from this point? Do we cut ALL the fronds/trunks down (as if

we were pruning the individual fronds of the trees), or leave them up although the leaves are dead?

Your anticipated speedy responses to this are GREATLY appreciated!

Two more pictures posted below...

[Patty Benz]

[Walt]

My guess your palms are still living, based on the fact that there is some green foliage near the base. However, these were potted palms as opposed to planted palms, so the root system would have been sujected to colder temperatures than a planted palm would. Root systems of potted palms are prone to freezing, even though the palm itself doesn't freeze.

In any event, can you see any emerging spears (developing fronds)? If so, then the palm should still be living. I would, however, pour some fungicide (like copper sulfate or maybe hydrogen peroxide) into the grow bud area where the spears emerge.

Lasty, if by chance your palms do survive, be forwarned they may never grow normally again. In my experience, majesty palms, as well as many other zone 10 species, that have been severely cold damaged (but survive) never grow normally again. That is, their growth rate falls to maybe 1/4 of normal. They go on living for many years, but then finally die. Mainly, this happened with untrunked palms. But time will tell, and with majesty palms this should be relatively fast, as they generally put out 10 or so new fronds a year.

[Dave-Vero]

The two big majesties in front of the Vero Beach Museum of Art were not damaged by the January 2010 cold spell. The site is protected, a bit, by the Indian River. Coconut palms in the vicinity (i.e. Riverside Cafe) were less badly browned than near the airport, where the lowest temperature of the nearly two weeks of cold was 28 F (-2C).

[floridagrower]

After the record prolonged cold of the 2010 winter, Ravenea rivularis (Majesty Palm) will return. The leafs burn at 26 F with heavy frost. Leaf sensitive but bud tough. The Majesty Palms in town and at my house are returning yet again. I recorded 19 F and provided no protection other than a little extra mulch around the base. I have NEVER had a spear pull on a Majesty Palm. I believe me…I pulled hard after this winter. Others in town (Tallahassee, FL) were not even mulched and made it as well. Keep in mind these same palms in pots or out in an open yard most likely would not have made it. In the ground and by your house, these guys are tough. As with a lot of tropical plants, the more sun the better for a fast recovery.

[Sutter Bob]

I wholeheartedly agree with Floridagrower about the nature of this palm.

I've been growing these in large pots basically unprotected over 4 winters now here in the Sacramento Valley.

Additionally a few are established in the ground in my neighborhood.

We usually have a few frosts into the high 20s. Last December we had a low of 22 degrees.

As noted above it takes two or three months to see the full extent of the freeze damage.

Typically by February or March here they look awful with nearly complete defoliation.

Amazingly by summer with copious water and fertilizer they look ok or even good (I also apply epsom salts).

If you want year-round beauty in a frosty climate this isn't a good choice, but I just consider

it a deciduous palm and enjoy it in the heat of summer and fall and focus on other palms and flower bulbs

in the spring. They are fairy inexpensive here and the small ones can be treated as annuals.

[VAgrown]

I have two majesty palms outside in the ground. So far they have survived the winter and one night was 16 degrees F. I have them wrapped with burlap and Christmas lights. There are no signs of cold damage, but i did have to cut the fronds off because i protected them too much. One night i placed black plastic over the palms and the lights got too hot inside. So the tips and middle of the fronds "cooked". Everything else looks good though. I just have to wait to see what happens when winter is over, and when the danger of frost has passed.

[Sandy Loam]

Here are two photos of Ravenea Rivularis (Majesty Palms) that have been surviving in Tallahassee, Florida for years. (Click to enlarge photos) They look terrible every winter, but they come back looking great every summer/spring. Bear in mind that, during winter, Tallahassee is almost the coldest place in all of Florida. These palms may even have seen single digits (Fahrenheit), although they are growing close to a building which might exude some heat in winter.

Tallahassee is a fair distance from the Gulf of Mexico. Georgia is a stone's throw away. If you live along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast, then your winters are likely warmer than Tallahassee's -- just to give you an idea of what these Majesty Palms go through every winter.

All three of these palms are about six feet tall at the top of the tallest leaf. I don't think they can get any bigger because their trunks are surrounded by concrete. They may remain permanently stunted at this size due to their environmental barriers.

[RedRabbit]

On 9/2/2015, 2:15:20, Sandy Loam said:

Here are two photos of Ravenea Rivularis (Majesty Palms) that have been surviving in Tallahassee, Florida for years. (Click to enlarge photos) They look terrible every winter, but they come back looking great every summer/spring. Bear in mind that, during winter, Tallahassee is almost the coldest place in all of Florida. These palms may even have seen single digits (Fahrenheit), although they are growing close to a building which might exude some heat in winter.

 

Tallahassee is a fair distance from the Gulf of Mexico. Georgia is a stone's throw away. If you live along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast, then your winters are likely warmer than Tallahassee's -- just to give you an idea of what these Majesty Palms go through every winter.

 

All three of these palms are about six feet tall at the top of the tallest leaf. I don't think they can get any bigger because their trunks are surrounded by concrete. They may remain permanently stunted at this size due to their environmental barriers.

 

 

 

 

It is pretty amazing they're able to survive in Tallahassee. It sounds like they're tougher than queens... I know they defoliate relatively easily, but apparently they're pretty darn tough to kill if they're alive there.

[Walt]

From my experience, no way are majesty palms as frost and cold hardy as queens. In fact, in 2010 I lost my largest majesty palm to the cold. It only had a few feet of trunk, but the palm had been well established and grow long before it ever had a trunk. Conversely, I didn't lose any queen palms, not even hurt.

The majesty palms in the photo appear to be benefiting from the concrete and structures around it. I don't know what time of day the photo was taken, but the shadows are cast back towards the building, and indicates to me the palms probably get good sun out of the south, therefore may be on the south side (the warmest side) of the building. Possibly, they have some overhead protection. But be that as it may, for majesty palms to survive (at least without protection) in Tallahassee is quite remarkable.

The below majesty palms growing in Sun 'N' Lakes subdivision in Lake Placid, Florida, near the east shore of Lake Grassy are the tallest ones I've found in Highlands County. This photo was taken three years ago, so they are certainly a little taller now.

[Sandy Loam]

In the Tallahassee photo, the three Majesty Palms are planted along the eastern side of the building (facing east). They are right in front of "Eye I Deals" on Tennessee Street, close to FSU.

Maybe they receive extra heat from that building in winter, but is there any chance that they are just freaks of nature?

Yes, indeed, Tallahassee is one of the coldest places in northern Florida on those chilly winter mornings. Lake Placid, Florida, is considerably warmer, and it much better suited to growing Majesty Palms.  Even the Georgia southeastern coast seems to stay warmer in winter than Tallahassee does.

 

 

 

[Sandy Loam]

By the way, nice Majesty Palms in Lake Placid!

[RedRabbit]

On 8/18/2016, 1:28:46, Walt said:

From my experience, no way are majesty palms as frost and cold hardy as queens. In fact, in 2010 I lost my largest majesty palm to the cold. It only had a few feet of trunk, but the palm had been well established and grow long before it ever had a trunk. Conversely, I didn't lose any queen palms, not even hurt.

The majesty palms in the photo appear to be benefiting from the concrete and structures around it. I don't know what time of day the photo was taken, but the shadows are cast back towards the building, and indicates to me the palms probably get good sun out of the south, therefore may be on the south side (the warmest side) of the building. Possibly, they have some overhead protection. But be that as it may, for majesty palms to survive (at least without protection) in Tallahassee is quite remarkable.

The below majesty palms growing in Sun 'N' Lakes subdivision in Lake Placid, Florida, near the east shore of Lake Grassy are the tallest ones I've found in Highlands County. This photo was taken three years ago, so they are certainly a little taller now.

Sorry to hear you lost yours Walt, that is kind of surprising. Thanks for sharing the picture, I just saw 3 kind of like that yesterday about a mile north of me.

You lost your Majesty when it dropped to 20F there, right? That wouldn't have surprised me until I saw them in Tallahassee. I had always heard Majesties could come back from low 20s, but seeing them in Tallahassee makes me second guess that.  

3 hours ago, Sandy Loam said:

In the Tallahassee photo, the three Majesty Palms are planted along the eastern side of the building (facing east). They are right in front of "Eye I Deals" on Tennessee Street, close to FSU.

Maybe they receive extra heat from that building in winter, but is there any chance that they are just freaks of nature?

Yes, indeed, Tallahassee is one of the coldest places in northern Florida on those chilly winter mornings. Lake Placid, Florida, is considerably warmer, and it much better suited to growing Majesty Palms.  Even the Georgia southeastern coast seems to stay warmer in winter than Tallahassee does.

 

 

 

Southeastern Georgia should be a lot warmer than Tallahassee. St. Simmons is right at the 9b threshold with an avg low of 25.1 going back to 2000. There are a fair number of queens there too... Tallahasse is 8b if I'm not mistaken. Being next to a building helps a lot, but that doesn't seem like it can fully explain it. I'm not sure what to think of it to be honest. 

Does Gainesville have any? 

Edited August 20, 2016 by RedRabbit

[Walt]

9 hours ago, Sandy Loam said:

By the way, nice Majesty Palms in Lake Placid!

I first saw those majesty palms about 12 years or more ago. About 7-8 years ago I spoke with the owner of those very tall majesty palms. She told me they were brought in (already trunked) from a family owned nursery out of Pahokee, Florida (on the S.E. shore of Lake Okeechobee). They are growing along a canal that leads to Lake Grassy, just maybe 150 feet away, and it's on the S.E. shore of the lake (the warmest side).

[Walt]

7 hours ago, RedRabbit said:

Sorry to hear you lost yours Walt, that is kind of surprising. Thanks for sharing the picture, I just saw 3 kind of like that yesterday about a mile north of me.

You lost your Majesty when it dropped to 20F there, right? That wouldn't have surprised me until I saw them in Tallahassee. I had always heard Majesties could come back from low 20s, but seeing them in Tallahassee makes me second guess that.  

Southeastern Georgia should be a lot warmer than Tallahassee. St. Simmons is right at the 9b threshold with an avg low of 25.1 going back to 2000. There are a fair number of queens there too... Tallahasse is 8b if I'm not mistaken. Being next to a building helps a lot, but that doesn't seem like it can fully explain it. I'm not sure what to think of it to be honest. 

Does Gainesville have any? 

The majesty I lost died a long, slow death, probably from bacterial bud rot. It was the most exposed of all my majesty palms. My other majesty palms survived with minor defoliation, but they are planted in more protected spots.

I've had majesty palms hurt from temperatures below 27 degrees. They survived but they never grew normally again. That is, they grew very, very slow after that, maybe 1/4 the frond production. They grew like this for 2-3 years then finally died. I've observed this with other species of cold tender palms, too. Don't know why that is, but they never seem to recover from the cold trauma.

[Sandy Loam]

 

Well, I believe those Tallahassee majesty palms defoliate every year (or most years) but they always come back with full frond production.  Google Maps shows them back in perhaps 2007? or so, and they were smaller then, but still there.

RedRabbit,  no, I have never seen any Majesty Palms around Gainesville. Correction: There are a few HD Majesty Palms planted here and there, but they don't seem to be more than a couple of years old.  Their fronds are too delicate to look good year round here in Gainesville.

A Majesty Palm's fronds would probably look fine year round in Orlando or Tampa, but they are simply not commonly planted there.  I don't know why because a healthy Ravenea Rivularis looks great.

Walt, I am surprised to hear that your Majesty Palm died, although 2010 certainly was exceptional, as the worst freeze event since the 1980s (or so I am told).

I have a few small majesty palms myself. If we have a mild winter, they suffer no damage, but if I get temperatures as low as 26 or 27 Fahrenheit, they show considerable leaf damage, so I just cut off the fronds and let them grow back in the spring. They have not seen lower than 26 Fahrenheit because that is my lowest temperature in the last five years ago. I didn't have any majesty palms at all back when the 2010 freeze hit.

By the way, USDA has me zoned as 8b because I am located west of I-75. USDA zones anything east of I-75 as zone 9a, at least in the rest of Gainesville, east to Putnam County, etc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[JEFF IN MODESTO]

Thousands sold at big box stores and planted inground in my zone 9b city.. I've only seen a single trunking palm growing outdoors.. Our median lowest temp of the year is around 25f-27f. Not sure why we don't have more growing. Our soil and water are pretty high on the PH scale... that may be why. I have one sun acclimated , growing in a 5 gal pot.... I'll set it out next spring and test it for cold.

 

 

Jeff

[Ben in Norcal]

On 8/21/2016, 11:44:00, JEFF IN MODESTO said:

Thousands sold at big box stores and planted inground in my zone 9b city.. I've only seen a single trunking palm growing outdoors.. Our median lowest temp of the year is around 25f-27f. Not sure why we don't have more growing. Our soil and water are pretty high on the PH scale... that may be why. I have one sun acclimated , growing in a 5 gal pot.... I'll set it out next spring and test it for cold.

 

 

Jeff

My bet is they get planted and treated like a cactus, i.e. not watered.  Which is death for a Majesty.

[JEFF IN MODESTO]

yup

 

[PalmTreeDude]

So my Madjesty Palm saw 28 degrees (F) and to make matters worse it was in a pot, this is in Virginia on the boarder of zone 7a/7b and from what I have heard Madjesty Palms are a zone 9b palm. This palm has been good with no damage to 30 degrees (F) in the pot. It loved the cold as you can see! 

[RedRabbit]

It should be able to recover from mid to low 20s. The fronds will all get fried, but it has substantial bud hardiness. 

[Phoenikakias]

Two consecutive nights with freezing temps and one day with snow. In detail on 1/9/17 from 0:00 am until 9:00   am constantly below zero with below -1 C from 5:30 am to 8:15 am and absolute min. of - 1.8 C from 6:20 am to 6:45 am. Max temperature same day 5.8 C at 1:10 pm. On 1/10/17 constant subzero from 0:00 am to 3:30 am with an absolute min of -0.5 C around midnight. Asolute max. on same day 7.1 pm at 10:06 pm, but snow remained on leaves from dawn to late afternoon. During cold spell dew point was always remaining below actual temperature. Lower part of the fronds intact but upper part with very extensive necrosis (no overhead protective canopy with eastern orientation.

[jasons]

Thought I would give you all an update. I moved from the old house three years ago. I lost three out of four majesty palms several years ago when it unexpectedly hit 19 degrees, but the biggest one came back nice and healthy even with a little trunk damage. That last one didn’t survive last year’s freeze when we got down to 17-18 degrees. 

I’m moving to the Tampa area soon and Majesty Palms are on my short list. I plan to plan some of those along with some Kentia palms, and take my chances on a Royal Palm or two. 

Edited August 5, 2018 by jasons

[Walt]

Since December of 2010, when I experienced my all-time low temperature of 20 degrees, none of my majesty palms have been hurt since. Here's a photo of a local majesty palm I took three years  ago. This one is growing on lakefront property (lake Huntley, just southeast of town (Lake Placid).

[Estlander]

Have two in ground here (planted Sept. 2017) on the FL panhandle that are doing great considering the winter we had and both have put out 6-7 fronds since January.

They came through the first cold front in early January with the low of 27F with just slight spotting on the fronds.

The second freeze with an ultimate low of 24F one morning defoliated them both. The spears were fine and didn’t pull. 

I’m trying them out as a little experiment and see how long they’ll last here. 

Edited August 6, 2018 by Estlander

[kinzyjr]

On 8/20/2016 at 11:10 AM, Sandy Loam said:

Well, I believe those Tallahassee majesty palms defoliate every year (or most years) but they always come back with full frond production.  Google Maps shows them back in perhaps 2007? or so, and they were smaller then, but still there.

RedRabbit,  no, I have never seen any Majesty Palms around Gainesville. Correction: There are a few HD Majesty Palms planted here and there, but they don't seem to be more than a couple of years old.  Their fronds are too delicate to look good year round here in Gainesville.

A Majesty Palm's fronds would probably look fine year round in Orlando or Tampa, but they are simply not commonly planted there.  I don't know why because a healthy Ravenea Rivularis looks great.

Walt, I am surprised to hear that your Majesty Palm died, although 2010 certainly was exceptional, as the worst freeze event since the 1980s (or so I am told).

I have a few small majesty palms myself. If we have a mild winter, they suffer no damage, but if I get temperatures as low as 26 or 27 Fahrenheit, they show considerable leaf damage, so I just cut off the fronds and let them grow back in the spring. They have not seen lower than 26 Fahrenheit because that is my lowest temperature in the last five years ago. I didn't have any majesty palms at all back when the 2010 freeze hit.

By the way, USDA has me zoned as 8b because I am located west of I-75. USDA zones anything east of I-75 as zone 9a, at least in the rest of Gainesville, east to Putnam County, etc.

Interesting read on this one.  The NOAA reading for the Tallahassee airport in Jan. 2010 is 13F followed up later that year with 17F in Dec. 2010.  This includes a long string of lows in the 20s.  Even if their readings were cooler than the in town temperatures by a few degrees like they usually are here, that puts the low temperature in the mid-to-high teens.  The 2020 photo seems to show some nutrient deficiency.

NOAA Weather Station Data: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datasets/GHCND/stations/GHCND:USC00088756/detail

Google Maps Links for Reference:

2007 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms

2011 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms (defoliated)

2013 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms

2016 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms

2017 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms

2018 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms (recovering from Jan. 2018 freeze)

2019 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms

2020 - Tallahassee Majesty Palms

[Allen]

Survived 29 easy,  a couple of small ones survived 19F under cover of bamboo.

[ShannonP]

I’m in Texas and just got surprised with 8° temperatures in a series of crazy ice storms. I have a bunch of Majesty palms in big troughs and pots outside my airstream. A couple of them are close to 14 feet tall. All of them look horrible now. I had no way to cover/protect/heat them. What do I do for them now? Do I prune all the droopy leaves off at the breaking point, and hope for the best?

[Ivanos1982]

any updates on y'alls majesties after the big 2021 frost?

[franco toms]

Io ne ho comperata una oggi e domani la pianto.  E un po freddo a roma questi giorni

[Sunny Palms]

Curious how majesty palms in Brownsville did after the 2021 freeze and more recently.

[kevojax]

January 2025, 27 degrees including some ice/sleet, no protection, no damage

Jacksonville, FL