MattyB Posted May 4, 2009 Report Share Posted May 4, 2009 Hey ya'll. Anyone wanna post some pics and share some info on growth rate, cultural info on this beauty? I'd love to see it. Here's a big one growing at Al's old place in Lemon Grove, CA. 2 Matt Bradford "Manambe Lavaka" Spring Valley, CA (8.5 miles inland from San Diego Bay) 10B on the hill (635 ft. elevation) 9B in the canyon (520 ft. elevation) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
merrill Posted May 4, 2009 Report Share Posted May 4, 2009 Livistona decora [ formerly L. decipiens] is very fast growing. The very tall one in the prior post could be as young as 20 years under conditions here in No. central FL. It seems fairly coldhardy, but less so than Livistona mariae, which we've found more cold hardy than L. australis, L. alfredii, L. benthami, L. chinensis, L. merrillii, L. muelleri, L. robinsoniana, L. rotundifolia, and L. saribus. Best Wishes, merrill 1 merrill, North Central Florida Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Walter John Posted May 4, 2009 Report Share Posted May 4, 2009 Hello Matty, I have one growing here, (photo later), I just wanted to say that mine grows amongst some shade and is stretching a little which is fine, still looks good, it grows quite strong and moderate to fast as it benefits from being near an overflow rain pipe, a common secret to strong growth I know, but there it is, plenty of water once again. It is a great palm, one of the best Livistonas, a grand canopyscape if ever there was one. Happy GardeningCheers, WalQueensland, Australia. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
osideterry Posted May 4, 2009 Report Share Posted May 4, 2009 (edited) I planted a 10-gallon one 2 years ago and it has grown much faster than similar-sized Caryota obtusa and Bismarckia nobilis planted at the same time. I'll post before and after pics tonight, but the overall height has gone from 3 ft to 6 ft. It's in full sun, all day long. Edited May 4, 2009 by osideterry 1 1 Zone 9b/10a, Sunset Zone 22 7 miles inland. Elevation 120ft (37m) Average annual low temp: 30F (-1C) Average annual rainfall: 8" (20cm) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
merrill Posted May 4, 2009 Report Share Posted May 4, 2009 Livistona decora [ formerly L. decipiens] is very fast growing. The very tall one in the prior post could be as young as 20 years under conditions here in No. central FL. It seems fairly coldhardy, but less so than Livistona mariae, which we've found more cold hardy than L. australis, L. alfredii, L. benthami, L. chinensis, L. merrillii, L. muelleri, L. robinsoniana, L. rotundifolia, and L. saribus. Best Wishes, merrill merrill, North Central Florida Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
JasonD Posted May 5, 2009 Report Share Posted May 5, 2009 Livistona decora survived the 1990 freeze in a Northern California garden where it probably endured low twenties F every night for over a week, and some days not rising above freezing. Defoliated but regrew pretty fast. Very sensitive to water deficiency. Jason Dewees Inner Sunset District San Francisco, California Sunset zone 17 USDA zone 10a 21 inches / 530mm annual rainfall, mostly October to April Humidity averages 60 to 85 percent year-round. Summer: 67F/55F | 19C/12C Winter: 56F/44F | 13C/6C 40-year extremes: 96F/26F | 35.5C/-3.8C Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
gyuseppe Posted May 5, 2009 Report Share Posted May 5, 2009 yes! Livistona decora [ formerly L. decipiens] is very fast growing. GIUSEPPE Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Tassie_Troy1971 Posted May 5, 2009 Report Share Posted May 5, 2009 L.decora grows well down here @ lat 42 . At my old it was 7 yrs old approx . Old Beach ,Hobart Tasmania ,Australia. 42 " south Cool Maritime climate Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
PalmatierMeg Posted May 5, 2009 Report Share Posted May 5, 2009 Two years ago we planted 3 L. decora we bought at a local nursery to replace our large one that died after we had to move it. My husband loves this species and calls it "shark's tooth palm" for the curved black spines on the petioles. They stood about 24" high when planted, now have nearly 3' of trunk, throw out about a frond per week. These things are practically bulletproof in Cape Coral (as long as you don't dig them up & move them like chess pieces). They laugh at winter, stay vibrant and green year round. Of course, we feed and irrigate them which keeps them happy. Last night I took photos of the one on the east side of the house and two on the west side. 5 Meg Palms of Victory I shall wear Cape Coral (It's Just Paradise) Florida Zone 10A on the Isabelle Canal Elevation: 15 feetI'd like to be under the sea in an octopus' garden in the shade. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
doubravsky Posted May 5, 2009 Report Share Posted May 5, 2009 I have two living on the hill of death in Riverside... both took at least down to 24 in Jan 07 with no problems. One is in part sun/ part shade and is growing well. The other is in full blazing inland sun all day, and it is slower and keeps fewer healthy fronds. Not bad enough to move, but seems like it would like a little bit of shade to be happier. Dave Riverside, CA Z 9b 1700 ft. elevation approx 40 miles inland Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Kris Posted May 5, 2009 Report Share Posted May 5, 2009 Dear Matty Nice topic,and even we are growing few of these beauties here in south india.And i must say it loves wet high humidity coastal zones with warm winters..And they grow very fast.so i had to shifted it to shade areas of our house garden. here is a still of one of that baby... And Dear Meg Thanks for those lovely visuals of the L.D palm and the soil top dressing of your garden looks like a red carpet very beautiful ! And i request other members to share their stills of the L.D palm here in this thread & keep this intreasting thread 'Active'. Thanks & Love, Kris love conquers all.. . Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
glbower Posted May 6, 2009 Report Share Posted May 6, 2009 I dug this double up from a neighbor's yard 10 years ago when they were about 2 feet high. This photo is about 3 years old, so they now have about 3 feet more trunk, close to 15 feet I would guess. That will give you a good idea of how fast they grow here in Southwest Florida. They don't need much fertilizer or water, and the cold doesn't seem to bother them either, though they've never been below 34 degrees since planted in my yard. They also rode out the 175 mph wind gusts of Hurricane Charley with no permanent damage. That was in doubt for a while because both crowns, or what was left of them, were blown cockeyed from the trunks. I was afraid the buds had been killed, but they came out of it pretty quickly. Interestingly, the leaf bases started falling off from the top down, in contrast to most palms, and now there's about 6 or 7 feet of shiny brown trunk beneath each crown. What keeps them from being the perfect fan palm? Aside from the vicious spikes, they're a bear to trim. They petioles are very limber and just want to wiggle around instead of staying in place while I'm sawing. All kinds of dust and fibers and everything else up there falls down in your face, so stand upwind. 3 Punta Gorda, Fla. 26 53 N 82 02 W on a large saltwater canal basin 1/2 mile from beautiful Charlotte Harbor 10A/10B microclimate (I hope) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
PalmatierMeg Posted May 6, 2009 Report Share Posted May 6, 2009 I dug this double up from a neighbor's yard 10 years ago when they were about 2 feet high. This photo is about 3 years old, so they now have about 3 feet more trunk, close to 15 feet I would guess. That will give you a good idea of how fast they grow here in Southwest Florida. They don't need much fertilizer or water, and the cold doesn't seem to bother them either, though they've never been below 34 degrees since planted in my yard. They also rode out the 175 mph wind gusts of Hurricane Charley with no permanent damage. That was in doubt for a while because both crowns, or what was left of them, were blown cockeyed from the trunks. I was afraid the buds had been killed, but they came out of it pretty quickly. Interestingly, the leaf bases started falling off from the top down, in contrast to most palms, and now there's about 6 or 7 feet of shiny brown trunk beneath each crown. What keeps them from being the perfect fan palm? Aside from the vicious spikes, they're a bear to trim. They petioles are very limber and just want to wiggle around instead of staying in place while I'm sawing. All kinds of dust and fibers and everything else up there falls down in your face, so stand upwind. Absolutely gorgeous! Meg Palms of Victory I shall wear Cape Coral (It's Just Paradise) Florida Zone 10A on the Isabelle Canal Elevation: 15 feetI'd like to be under the sea in an octopus' garden in the shade. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Scott Posted May 6, 2009 Report Share Posted May 6, 2009 I know you want something more scientific than this.... but since I love this palm here it goes.... The first pic is one that is similar to one I bought two years ago and planted. In size I'm speaking of. The second pic is that L. decora two years later. I put the same size pot next to it to demonstrate the difference. So it grew pretty good in the two years. These are the two asked about size trunk earlier because I have to dig up the larger - or the bamboo will probably strangle it. Any advice on digging this guy up would be appreciated.... Should it go right into the ground or recoup in a pot? I'm thinking right into the ground.... 3 Scott San Fernando Valley, California Sunset Climate Zone 18 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Scott Posted May 6, 2009 Report Share Posted May 6, 2009 Incidently..... I wanted to add that although this is a simple palm, I think they're magnificent. Scott San Fernando Valley, California Sunset Climate Zone 18 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Keith N Tampa (ex SoJax) Posted May 7, 2009 Report Share Posted May 7, 2009 L. decora is one of my favorite palms. Here in Jacksonville, Florida, it grows like a rocket (faster than anything else in my palm collection). I have 5 of them and all have endured temperatures in the mid 20's f (-5c) every winter since I've been here. They've never been damaged by cold. Transplanting small plants from containers seems to be best. I moved 3 of them with approximately 7' (2 meters) of trunk and it took them a long time to recover (approx 18 months). The two from containers are incredibly robust compared to the large transplants even to this day. In fact, I planted one from a 25 gallon pot (approx 100 liters) and it stood about 6' or 2 meters tall to the top of the highest frond. It had no "trunk" per se' but the base was 6-8 inches wide (15-20 cm). Today the tree is about 20' or 6 meters to the highest frond and has approximately 8' of trunk (2.5 meters). I planted the tree in Nov or Dec of 2005. The other plant transplanted from an 8" diameter clay pot (apprx 20 cm), was about 1' tall (30 cm) and it had a base about 2" (5cm) wide. Today the overall height to the highest frond is approxmately 12' (4 meters) and the trunk is over 1' thick (30 cm) and 4' tall. I planted this tree in spring of 2005. Both trees are in nearly full sun and thrive on our natural rainfall plus a little extra that comes from watering nearby ornamentals like impatiens. When tropical storm Fay came through last fall, the vigorous tree from the 25 gallon pot lost a number of emerging spear fronds. Today there is little evidence of that event as the tree grew all winter long (even through the freezes). None of the other L. decora were damaged by Fay's winds (approximately 60 mph or 100 kph with gust to 75 or 120 kph) Land O Lakes FL, a suburb on the North Side of Tampa, FL Summers are great, 90f/32c in the day & 70f/21c at night with plentiful rain & sun Winters are subtropical with occasional frosts and freezes. Tropical cyclones happen. We have a few Royal palms in the warm microclimates but Coconuts freeze. I am a Kayaker, Hiker, Bicyclist, and amateur Photographer that loves the outdoors. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
merrill Posted May 7, 2009 Report Share Posted May 7, 2009 Hi, Keith: Many Tx for the info! How about photos? Best Wishes, merrill merrill, North Central Florida Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Tyrone Posted May 7, 2009 Report Share Posted May 7, 2009 This is a great palm and I have two in my Livistona corner amongst three other West Oz Livistona's. No one seems to buy them at the nursery though. They just sit there. Best regards Tyrone Millbrook, "Kinjarling" Noongar word meaning "Place of Rain", Rainbow Coast, Western Australia 35S. Warm temperate. Csb Koeppen Climate classification. Cool nights all year round. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Walter John Posted May 9, 2009 Report Share Posted May 9, 2009 Hello Matty, I have one growing here, (photo later), I just wanted to say that mine grows amongst some shade and is stretching a little which is fine, still looks good, it grows quite strong and moderate to fast as it benefits from being near an overflow rain pipe, a common secret to strong growth I know, but there it is, plenty of water once again. It is a great palm, one of the best Livistonas, a grand canopyscape if ever there was one. Here she blows, I stand about 5 feet 9 but only when I'm standing. 1 Happy GardeningCheers, WalQueensland, Australia. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
AJQ Posted May 9, 2009 Report Share Posted May 9, 2009 Hmmm......... getting very frustrated with this palm. It looked great when I first got it. However, over the last couple of winters I have had four petioles snap off at the base due to the weight of the snow we had. The next winter I put up a Garden Umberella to keep any snow off that had been forcast but actually didn't arrive, the storm did though and ripped out the Umbrella trashing a further 2 fronds and the storm that follwed a week later then trashed another 2 fronds. These are not as resistant to the wind as many may say, at least not here for sure. I'm just wondering if there is anything I can do, feed it with to harden up the petioles? I only get 3 to 4 new fronds a year and it does not grow through the winter. I am considering putting a Mini Green house over it to help it recover and keep the temps up a bit. I did this on my L. chinensis to protect it from the winter winds and it actually continued to grow though out the winter. Before Regards Andy. 1 Bangor, Norin Iron Zone 9a Min temp normally around -3 Degrees C, rarely -6C. Only 2 x -2.0C so far, verging on 9b this year. No snow or Frost this Winter. Several just subzero's this year, lets hope it stays this way. Normally around 5C to 10C + in winter, with lots of wind & rain. Summers usually better, 20C to 25 C occasionally 25C to 28C, also quite humid being a coastal town Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
AJQ Posted May 9, 2009 Report Share Posted May 9, 2009 After Regards Andy. 1 Bangor, Norin Iron Zone 9a Min temp normally around -3 Degrees C, rarely -6C. Only 2 x -2.0C so far, verging on 9b this year. No snow or Frost this Winter. Several just subzero's this year, lets hope it stays this way. Normally around 5C to 10C + in winter, with lots of wind & rain. Summers usually better, 20C to 25 C occasionally 25C to 28C, also quite humid being a coastal town Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Daryl Posted May 9, 2009 Report Share Posted May 9, 2009 Lotsa heat plus lotsa water equals fast growth. Mine has 20 feet of leaves on it, if you know what I mean. Andy, the photos you posted look like it has grown in the trunk, and I would say it is just putting out its roots. Give it some more time and it will probably put on a decent crown (as long as you don't get too much snow). The fact that it is surviving there is a good enough reason to keep it. 3-4 leaves per year is a lack of heat thing. Daryl Gold Coast, Queensland Latitude 28S. Mild, Humid Subtropical climate. Rainfall - not consistent enough! Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Kathryn Posted May 9, 2009 Report Share Posted May 9, 2009 Here are three of mine. Can you find them in the first picture? I planted them in the fall of 2004 and the picture was taken in June 2005. The second picture was taken a few minutes ago. 3 Click Here to Join the IPS Today! Click Here to Renew Your IPS Membership! Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Keith N Tampa (ex SoJax) Posted May 17, 2009 Report Share Posted May 17, 2009 http://home-and-garden.webshots.com/album/454165327BBcjjB Here's a link with some updated Livistona decora shots. Land O Lakes FL, a suburb on the North Side of Tampa, FL Summers are great, 90f/32c in the day & 70f/21c at night with plentiful rain & sun Winters are subtropical with occasional frosts and freezes. Tropical cyclones happen. We have a few Royal palms in the warm microclimates but Coconuts freeze. I am a Kayaker, Hiker, Bicyclist, and amateur Photographer that loves the outdoors. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
AJQ Posted May 21, 2009 Report Share Posted May 21, 2009 Any thoughts on how to toughen up the petioles? As the wind continues to trash them. They are being snapped at the point where the petiole enters the leaf blade(Rachis?) Is they anything I can feed them with to toughen them up or is that it? Just let them get on with it? I know my B edulis was quite tender for the first couple of years and the palm did acclimatise to the wind eventually after about 3 years. This Livistona has been planted for 3 years but no sign of it getting acclimatised to the wind. It just gets ragged with Wind damage and very brown and folorn looking tips at best and snapped petioles at worst.......... Regards Andy. Bangor, Norin Iron Zone 9a Min temp normally around -3 Degrees C, rarely -6C. Only 2 x -2.0C so far, verging on 9b this year. No snow or Frost this Winter. Several just subzero's this year, lets hope it stays this way. Normally around 5C to 10C + in winter, with lots of wind & rain. Summers usually better, 20C to 25 C occasionally 25C to 28C, also quite humid being a coastal town Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
iamjv Posted May 23, 2009 Report Share Posted May 23, 2009 Like Andy mentioned the petioles seem to be the only weak part of this beautiful palm.... I planted mine in a protected micro climate and that has helped with the breakage issue. Although when we got that ice storm a couple years back all the petioles were bent down to the grown and never bounced back. As such, I had to cut them all off, leaving only the spear. The palm recovered fast though as it started to push out new fronds almost immediately. Jv Jv in San Antonio Texas / Zone 8/extremes past 29 yrs: 117F (47.2C) / 8F (-13.3C) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
iamjv Posted May 23, 2009 Report Share Posted May 23, 2009 Here are a couple of shots from the ice storm and what it did to the petioles.... the first picture is the first day of the ice storm, the second shot is the second day of the storm. Jv Jv in San Antonio Texas / Zone 8/extremes past 29 yrs: 117F (47.2C) / 8F (-13.3C) Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Al in Kona Posted May 23, 2009 Report Share Posted May 23, 2009 Hi Matty. Yeah that palm in Post #1 is a familiar one and good to see it is still growing and looking good. They seem to like Southern California. While many of the Livistonas don't excite me too much, for some reason I do like L. decora a lot. BTW, note the dying Caryota in the same photo. Guess that's why I haven't planted one in our Hawaii garden yet. While I find most Caryota species very beautiful they are often quite short lived and then you have the problem of removing them. Anyone know about how long they remain standing after dying before they decay to the point of falling down? I ask because I had thought one could always plant a colorful vine around it and let it take over the dead trunk and branches until it falls on its own. Granted it would need to be placed in an out of the way area. Hawaii Island (Big Island), leeward coast, 19 degrees N. latitude, south Kona mauka at approx. 380m (1,250 ft.) and about 1.6 km (1-mile) upslope from ocean. No record of a hurricane passing over this island (yet!). Summer maximum rainfall - variable averaging 900-1150mm (35-45") - Perfect drainage on black volcanic rocky soil. Nice sunsets! Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
AJQ Posted May 24, 2009 Report Share Posted May 24, 2009 (edited) This is the damage from Winter2007/2008, I think it will be a long time before it recovers back to anything like it's former glory. Rgds Andy. Edited May 24, 2009 by AJQ Bangor, Norin Iron Zone 9a Min temp normally around -3 Degrees C, rarely -6C. Only 2 x -2.0C so far, verging on 9b this year. No snow or Frost this Winter. Several just subzero's this year, lets hope it stays this way. Normally around 5C to 10C + in winter, with lots of wind & rain. Summers usually better, 20C to 25 C occasionally 25C to 28C, also quite humid being a coastal town Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Exotic Life Posted May 24, 2009 Report Share Posted May 24, 2009 Here are three of mine. Can you find them in the first picture? I planted them in the fall of 2004 and the picture was taken in June 2005. The second picture was taken a few minutes ago. Wow, incredible fast. Nice palms! Southwest Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Moose Posted June 8, 2009 Report Share Posted June 8, 2009 Here is one that has never seen snow. It was planted in 1994 as a one gallon. It was called Livistona decepiens when it was planted. Ron. 1 Coral Gables, FL 8 miles North of Fairchild USDA Zone 10B Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
palmazon Posted June 9, 2009 Report Share Posted June 9, 2009 only a rookie like Merrill would regard a 20 year-old as young... Tough, fast, and beautiful - what more do you want? I get by with a little help from my fronds Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
John Case Posted June 9, 2009 Report Share Posted June 9, 2009 Here are three of mine. Can you find them in the first picture? I planted them in the fall of 2004 and the picture was taken in June 2005. The second picture was taken a few minutes ago. No mistaking them for Washies.... John Case Brentwood CA Owner and curator of Hana Keu Garden USDA Zone 9b more or less, Sunset Zone 14 in winter 9 in summer "Its always exciting the first time you save the world. Its a real thrill!" Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Matthew92 Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 (edited) Disney World at Epcot Edited March 24, 2016 by Opal92 3 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Josh-O Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 Carlsbad, California Zone 10 B on the hill (402 ft. elevation) Sunset zone 24 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
foxtail Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 I find them beautiful. A friend of mine ones. One of some he have for sale Does they like swampy conditions? 1 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Dave-Vero Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 They are, kind of obviously, widely planted in Orlando and southward. There's lots of them at Orlando's most upscale shopping mall, you see them in highway landscaping projects, all sorts of settings. I haven't got one in my yard, so no photos. Fla. climate center: 100-119 days>85 F USDA 1990 hardiness zone 9B Current USDA hardiness zone 10a 4 km inland from Indian River; 27º N (equivalent to Brisbane) Central Orlando's urban heat island may be warmer than us Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Keith N Tampa (ex SoJax) Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 Here's a mature tree planted last spring. The first photo shows it on the truck, the second after planting, the third is the tree today from out of my office window. Its full of blooms. This is one of my favorite species. I think we have 20 or so on this property (3 acres), but only two are mature. The other mature tree was planted during the summer. As others have mentioned, they love water, and tolerate short duration flooding. The tree planted in the summer wasn't established going into our winter dry season and it got too dry on hot, windy afternoon so some of its older fronds have browned. We're watering the snot out of it now, and its in full recovery. My advice, buy them and plant them, especially where they get lots of water. My experience is that they increase fresh weight pretty quickly until the trunk reaches about 1' thick. Then they begin vertical growth. At its maximum rate, it'll grow 3' or 1 meter of trunk per year up to about 20' or 5-6 meters. Once they reach that height, the reach maturity and the growth rate slows to a foot or so per year and they drop all of the old boots beginning at the top. 1 Land O Lakes FL, a suburb on the North Side of Tampa, FL Summers are great, 90f/32c in the day & 70f/21c at night with plentiful rain & sun Winters are subtropical with occasional frosts and freezes. Tropical cyclones happen. We have a few Royal palms in the warm microclimates but Coconuts freeze. I am a Kayaker, Hiker, Bicyclist, and amateur Photographer that loves the outdoors. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Keith N Tampa (ex SoJax) Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 On June 8, 2009 at 7:34:28 PM, Moose said: Here is one that has never seen snow. It was planted in 1994 as a one gallon. It was called Livistona decepiens when it was planted. Ron. Moose, that was the perfect name for it back then. The species epithet "decipiens" actually means "deceiving". So back when you planted it, it was decora deceiving us as decipiens. Land O Lakes FL, a suburb on the North Side of Tampa, FL Summers are great, 90f/32c in the day & 70f/21c at night with plentiful rain & sun Winters are subtropical with occasional frosts and freezes. Tropical cyclones happen. We have a few Royal palms in the warm microclimates but Coconuts freeze. I am a Kayaker, Hiker, Bicyclist, and amateur Photographer that loves the outdoors. Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Monòver Posted March 24, 2016 Report Share Posted March 24, 2016 This is my decora. It is growing in my old garden and for me is a winner. It survived one freeze at -9°C, frosted but recocered fast. Every winter it is at -5°C and it is untouched and the best, it is drought tolerant. I was watering it the first two years, but now only see the rain water and this is a very dry place. 2 Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Recommended Posts
Create an account or sign in to comment
You need to be a member in order to leave a comment
Create an account
Sign up for a new account in our community. It's easy!
Register a new accountSign in
Already have an account? Sign in here.
Sign In Now