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Some Cold Damage Observations


buffy

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After surveying the initial damage of this last freeze, I have a couple of observations to share. My thermometer stated 17.9F, but I'm guessing ground level saw around 15F.

  1. Mazari 'Kashmir' is much tougher than the "very silver" Mazari palms. The silver form just got smoked. Leaves burned 100%. The meristem area looks bad. May recover, but ugly. 'Kashmir' is untouched.
  2. Piling leaves over small palms and plants as protection is remarkable. Everything I covered with leaves looks untouched. That includes avocados, some small Dypsis, Livistonas, etc. Remarkable.
  3. My Butia x Parajubaea cocoides is a disappointment. It doesn't appear to possess much of the cold tolerance of the mother. It burned at 28F last year with frost. Looks horrible.
  4. My Butia yatay x Queen looks fantastic. My Hopper Jubutygruses look great. My Shafer Jubutygrus is tough but ugly leaved. Jub X Queen, slow, but bad to the bone.
  5. Trithrinax acanthocoma and schizophylla just like to cough up their spears when in gets cold. They may recover, but they are just sensitive. T. campestris is bad to the bone.
  6. Attalea dubia is a wuss, at least at this age. Not very frost tolerant. I protected it with heat, so we'll see if size helps.
  7. All the Med. Fan Palms are coughing up their spears. Tough, but spear sensitive.
  8. Sabal causiarum is more leaf hardy than I would have guessed. Untouched. All the other Caribbean Sabals got smoked.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Hey Buffy.... thanks for the update on the freeze damage. I saw 14F at my place and it was cold for an extended time. Overall most of the plants look (thus far).

My TimHopper BxS, Trithrinax acanthacoma, T. Campestris, Nano's, Jubaea, JxBxJ, BxJ all look good!

My Livistona Rigida, Brahea Super Silver and Zamia Floridana are all 100% burnt.

All large sabals look good at a present but two small S. Urensana's were partially burnt.

Jv

Jv in San Antonio Texas / Zone 8/extremes past 29 yrs: 117F (47.2C) / 8F (-13.3C)

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Hey Buffy.... thanks for the update on the freeze damage. I saw 14F at my place and it was cold for an extended time. Overall most of the plants look (thus far).

My TimHopper BxS, Trithrinax acanthacoma, T. Campestris, Nano's, Jubaea, JxBxJ, BxJ all look good!

My Livistona Rigida, Brahea Super Silver and Zamia Floridana are all 100% burnt.

All large sabals look good at a present but two small S. Urensana's were partially burnt.

Jv

Please add all this data to the freeze section, this is real useful stuff.

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excellent info....you got some things there that I would love to add to the backbone of the yard. Kashmir is one that is on the definite want list , along with the T. campestris. Interesting note about the leaves, will try that with some smaller items. Very glad to hear about your S. causiarum. My big one seems to have gotten darker green but has no noticeable damage....would think it would start showing other signs if it were damaged....your report helps to boost confidence about the situation. If you get a chance...please post some pics.

David Simms zone 9a on Highway 30a

200 steps from the Gulf in NW Florida

30 ft. elevation and sandy soil

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you got really cold!

07690.gif

elevation 328 feet

distance from mediteranean sea 1,1 mile

lowest t° 2009/2010 : 27F

lowest t° 2008/2009 : 33F

lowest t° 2007/2008 : 32F

lowest t° 2006/2007 : 35F

lowest t° 2005/2006 : 27F

lowest t° 2004/2005 : 25F

Historical lowest t° 1985 : 18F

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Hey Buffy.... thanks for the update on the freeze damage. I saw 14F at my place and it was cold for an extended time. Overall most of the plants look (thus far).

My TimHopper BxS, Trithrinax acanthacoma, T. Campestris, Nano's, Jubaea, JxBxJ, BxJ all look good!

My Livistona Rigida, Brahea Super Silver and Zamia Floridana are all 100% burnt.

All large sabals look good at a present but two small S. Urensana's were partially burnt.

Jv

Brahea Super Silver haven't been cold hardy at all for me. I've killed three that were planted out as robust 3 gallon plants.

If your L. rigida survives 14F you should be doing backflips. Also, I'm surprised your mule didn't show much damage. Mid teens is usually when they get popped.

Jason

Gainesville, Florida

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Here's another interesting observation. Copernicia alba. I germinated a few of these from seed. As almost a joke, I kicked two holes in the dirt at the bottom of the yard and stuck these in. Both look untouched by the cold. I'm impressed. Let's see if they push some leaves.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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The ice storm we had in early December caused damage and the recent low of 15F had had less to damage that hadn't already been damaged. Here are some images.

9c8defb840bbd390fa7506f3d391a1f3.jpg

C. Microspadix and Brahea decumbens

1179cb5dca28862e8fb44dd2050f4e79.jpg

Jubea chilensis

22e35656cdf64dbee9ec31fd51d12dd4.jpg

Sabal uresana agave mr. Whipple looking sad

7196efeba142a884c2f87b8bbfd277e7.jpg

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More images from Dallas in January 2014

Wrapped palm in background is W. Robusta.

Green palm is W. Filifera. There is a big difference between Washingtonia in USDA zone 8

4c4c82d799ea46495c5e6cc4377814ed.jpg

6829547e89f6971844eb26886d0e3483.jpg

c047d9247f726129c97e701f941405e4.jpg

Edited by TonyDFW
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Thanks for the report Tony. Still one of my all time favorite palmtalk gardens.

  • Upvote 1

Glenn

Modesto, California

 

Sunset Zone 14   USDA 9b

 

Low Temp. 19F/-7C 12-20-1990         

 

High Temp. 111F/43C 07-23-2006

 

Annual Average Precipitation 13.12 inches/yr.

 

             

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Thank Tony.

As more damage reveals itself, things are looking nastier and nastier. Gonna be a very different looking garden here come April.

In my post I sometimes express "my" opinion. Warning, it may differ from "your" opinion. If so, please do not feel insulted, just state your own if you wish. Any data in this post is provided 'as is' and in no event shall I be liable for any damages, including, without limitation, damages resulting from accuracy or lack thereof, insult, or any other damages

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Lost the spear on JubxQueen. Fried frond Queen. Fried frond P. dacty. X canar. Fried Allogoptera (spear tight). Butia x Para. fried frond.

Butia eriospatha is bad ass.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Lost the spear on JubxQueen. Fried frond Queen. Fried frond P. dacty. X canar. Fried Allogoptera (spear tight). Butia x Para. fried frond.

Butia eriospatha is bad ass.

Cameron,

Was the Jub x Queen a small one? Never heard much about these in terms of cold hardiness as they are so rare...

Formerly in Gilbert AZ, zone 9a/9b. Now in Palmetto, Florida Zone 9b/10a??

 

Tom Blank

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Jub x Queen is pretty small still. Mine doesn't grow like Gary's. It's been in the dirt for 4 years and is still no taller than me. It's Jubaea speed. It has some plumosity to it. Real green. The fronds show some burn. The spear just pulled easily. Lost the spear last year with far warmer temps. I just think its sensitive because of its size. If it keeps on growing, I think it will get tougher.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Buffy, could you list your plants that have survived in your yard....palms and non-palms. It would be a great list for zones 8-9 as backbone material. I think I probably already know most of the hardy palms but the dicot list might open some new doors.

David Simms zone 9a on Highway 30a

200 steps from the Gulf in NW Florida

30 ft. elevation and sandy soil

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It would probably be more appropriate to wait until March. I think most of this will survive. A couple will die though.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Sabal maritima, S. domingensis and S. rosei all got smoked to the ground. Trunkless, palmate seedlings.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Burn on Sabal riverside and Sabal uresana. 5% to 10%. Look good otherwise.

Two species of Allogoptera smoked to the dirt. Tough sprear though.

Medemia argun is a puss.

Lost a spear on a smaller Butia eriospatha. Leaves are unblemished.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Mountain Giant Syagrus. Smoked foliage. Protected meristem heart with heat.

Gave Trachycarpus princeps some leaf protection. Unblemished.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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Jub x Queen is looking rough. First real non protected cold test. D+ grade. Spear coughed. Ratted up leaves.

Longview, Texas :: Record Low: -5F, Feb. 16, 2021 :: Borderline 8A/8B :: '06-'07: 18F / '07-'08: 21F / '08-'09: 21F / '09-'10: 14F / '10-'11: 15F / '11-'12: 24F / '12-'13: 23F / '13-'14: 15F / '14-'15: 20F / '15-'16: 27F / '16-'17: 15F / '17-'18: 8F / '18-'19: 23F / '19-'20: 19F / '20-'21: -5F / '21-'22: 20F / '22-'23: 6F

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  • 2 weeks later...

Regarding piling up leaves, I happened to protect a newy-planted Ceratozamia latifolia this way, since I had some bales of pine straw around. There was another on top to complete the igloo. You can still see ice in this pic, it was the morning after. The plant is none the worse for wear.

I guess I need to try a Sabal causiarum. And get my Trithrinax campestris in the ground somewhere sunny.

FWIW, as a side note, Livistona nitida planted only a few months ago was undamaged with sleet freezing on its leaves. Although I don't think the ultimate low temp during that event was extreme.

0130140944_zps30c6defe.jpg

Woodville, FL

zone 8b

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After surveying the initial damage of this last freeze, I have a couple of observations to share. My thermometer stated 17.9F, but I'm guessing ground level saw around 15F.

Hi Buffy,

Did you get long non-stop period below 32°F?

Sincerely.

Jean-Michel

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It was somewhere between 13F and 15F in Augusta, GA (colder outside of town) and the damage is still starting to show.

Some things look terrific: Trachycarpus nanus and fortunei. Trachy. 'Tesan' look beautiful, even little ones. Trachy. 'Manipur' had the foliage burned off.

Brahea decumbens and moorei look like nothing happened at all. All the other Braheas look like dried arrangements.

Almost all the Chamaerops had major foliage burn, but not the Cham. humilis 'argentea'. They look great.

Sabal palmetto, minor, etonia, mexicana, rosei, uresana, 'Tamaulipas' and 'Riverside' all look fine, but the 'Riverside' has a hint of foliage burn on a couple of lower leaves. Sabal causiarum had major burn (big palms, not little seedlings), as did S. bermudana. Sabal pumos is sleeping with the fishes.

The Butias have delayed damage just starting to show: B. odorata and paraguayensis are fine, but will lose some lower leaves. Butia yatay and eriospatha look perfect. Butia purpurescens is blasted. I don't even know if it will return, but I knew it wasn't as cold-hardy as the other Butias when I planted it. The B x J (also very large) are showing a little lower leaf damage.

The Washingtonias were defoliated.....typical. They should be OK.

Trithrinax acanthocoma (12' tall) has foliage damage. I don't know how it will turn out.

Livistona nitida had total foliage burn. So did L. chinensis.

Phoenix dactylifera is a large tan sculpture. I don't know if it will make a return in the Spring.

Chamaedorea radicalis had no damage (not wrapped, but out ot the wind) and Chamaedorea microspadix had very little damage.

Nannorrhorops ritcheana had a little burn on some lower leaves.

To put this in perspective: other plants that had foliage burn (that shouldn't) were various Azaleas, Osmanthus, Black Bamboo, Michelia, and most of the Eucalyptus. All the Cycads had moderate to total foliage burn. Most of the Citrus will defoliate as the weather warms.

I think the cold was only part of the issue. The front came in with a 30mph wind that freeze-dried everything exposed to it. It was the worst cold wave here in probably 20 years.

  • Upvote 1

Joseph C. Le Vert

Augusta, GA

USA

Zone 8

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All the Cycads had moderate to total foliage burn.

Could you give us your cycad list?

Thank you.

Jean-Michel

Edited by zootropical
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Cycads that I am growing:

Cycas revoluta, panzhihuaensis, taitungensis, revoluta x guizhouensis, revoluta x taitungensis, guizhouensis x panzhihuaensis

Dioon edule

Zamia integrifolia (floridana)

Ceratozamia hildae (but I covered this one)

The picture is of a pair (female and male from left to right) of my large C. taitungensis. This is an old picture. The trunk of the female on the left is now about 8' tall.

Ctaitun.jpg

Joseph C. Le Vert

Augusta, GA

USA

Zone 8

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Thank you,

With 8' tall trunk how old is your female cycad?

Do hybrid of C. guizhouensis are more freeze senstives?

How did you cover your Ceratozamia?

Last question : for a many hours freezing temperature occured?

Thank you in advance. Hope all your cycads will flush soon!

Jean-Michel

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Both the male and female C. taitungensis were planted the same day in about 1992.

The C. guizhouensis hybrids lost their foliage at about the same temperature as all the other Cycas.

The Ceratozamia is small (about 15" high), so I just put a bucket over the top and then wrapped it in flannel sheets. The only heat was from the ground.

We were below freezing for about 36 hours, but the wind was howling. It was an awful night and day.

Most of the Cycads will flush in mid to late March. Thanks for your interest.

Another male C. taitungensis in cone:

Ctaitunbizarremale.jpg

A female Zamia integrifolia in cone:

DSCN0879.jpg

Joseph C. Le Vert

Augusta, GA

USA

Zone 8

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